Hip Hop music has its roots in the black funk and soul music of the 70's. Rap originated from the R&B tradition of which is complemented by the sampling and scratching which began in black ghettos of the United States. Hip Hop refers to not only a musical genre, but also the youth culture characterized by elements of rap (MCing), DJing, breakdancing, graffiti writing and beatboxing.
Two years earlier, a young MC named Schooly D launched his career. Although it was rather unspectacular, he earned a reputation with his innovative lyrics. At the same time, Gangsta Rap was accused of glorifying violence, rather than constructively tackling it. The group defended themselves mostly with the argument that they only simulated the conditions in ghettos.
This was confirmed by top chart positions by artists such as K'naan, Kid Cudi, Drake or Nicki Minaj in the following years. Since the early 1990s, Hip Hop had spread internationally. Typical styles of each country have emerged, but overall the performers from the United States remain dominant. In Europe, Hip Hop was already falling on fertile ground around the 80s, in places such as Paris and Marseille. There also exist Hip Hop scenes in other countries (e. G, Germany, Poland, Belgium).
The strongest acts of the early 1990s on the East Coast were either intellectual formations, especially the Native Tongues Posse, such as De La Soul, A Tribe Called Quest, Black Sheep, Jungle Brothers, and the Fu - Schnickens, or political acts such as Public Enemy or KRS-One. Although some very experimental or politically dedicated tones found strong favor with the critics.
A possible origin of the term Hip Hop could be from a member of Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, Cowboy, who allegedly used for the first time the term Hip Hop while teasing a friend who had just joined the U. S. Army. In fact, he used a onomatopoeia consisting the words "hip / hop / hip / hop" in a jerky way to mimic the rhythmic cadence of military marches performed by soldiers. But, these are only legends and stories.
The genre fits both continuity and rupture with black American music. It continuous manifestation as a distant descendant of complaints about the living conditions of African Americans in the Bronx, the tradition of improvisation appeared with ragtime and jazz, and musical dialogues (call and response).
Unlike older styles of African-American music that reflected only incidentally or diverted living conditions of black communities, Hip Hop stands as the very expression of these conditions and proposes to stick to street, that is, follow the codes and relationships that govern life in ghettos.
In the same year as The Message and the second single of another DJ veterans of Block Party era, Planet Rock by Afrika Bambaataa appeared. The international hit "Trans Europe Express" was first produced with synthesizers. Fast drum machine beats and machine synthesizer riffs and arpeggios by Bambaataa, on the other hand, seemed influential for the genre of electro funk that gradually broke away from Hip Hop producers and experienced a revival in the late 1990s at the Technopark area.
Two years earlier, a young MC named Schooly D launched his career. Although it was rather unspectacular, he earned a reputation with his innovative lyrics. At the same time, Gangsta Rap was accused of glorifying violence, rather than constructively tackling it. The group defended themselves mostly with the argument that they only simulated the conditions in ghettos.
This was confirmed by top chart positions by artists such as K'naan, Kid Cudi, Drake or Nicki Minaj in the following years. Since the early 1990s, Hip Hop had spread internationally. Typical styles of each country have emerged, but overall the performers from the United States remain dominant. In Europe, Hip Hop was already falling on fertile ground around the 80s, in places such as Paris and Marseille. There also exist Hip Hop scenes in other countries (e. G, Germany, Poland, Belgium).
The strongest acts of the early 1990s on the East Coast were either intellectual formations, especially the Native Tongues Posse, such as De La Soul, A Tribe Called Quest, Black Sheep, Jungle Brothers, and the Fu - Schnickens, or political acts such as Public Enemy or KRS-One. Although some very experimental or politically dedicated tones found strong favor with the critics.
A possible origin of the term Hip Hop could be from a member of Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, Cowboy, who allegedly used for the first time the term Hip Hop while teasing a friend who had just joined the U. S. Army. In fact, he used a onomatopoeia consisting the words "hip / hop / hip / hop" in a jerky way to mimic the rhythmic cadence of military marches performed by soldiers. But, these are only legends and stories.
The genre fits both continuity and rupture with black American music. It continuous manifestation as a distant descendant of complaints about the living conditions of African Americans in the Bronx, the tradition of improvisation appeared with ragtime and jazz, and musical dialogues (call and response).
Unlike older styles of African-American music that reflected only incidentally or diverted living conditions of black communities, Hip Hop stands as the very expression of these conditions and proposes to stick to street, that is, follow the codes and relationships that govern life in ghettos.
In the same year as The Message and the second single of another DJ veterans of Block Party era, Planet Rock by Afrika Bambaataa appeared. The international hit "Trans Europe Express" was first produced with synthesizers. Fast drum machine beats and machine synthesizer riffs and arpeggios by Bambaataa, on the other hand, seemed influential for the genre of electro funk that gradually broke away from Hip Hop producers and experienced a revival in the late 1990s at the Technopark area.
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