Iraq, a triangle of mountains, desert, and fertile river valley, is bounded on the east by Iran, on the north by Turkey, on the west by Syria and Jordan, and on the south by Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. It is twice the size of Idaho. The country has arid desert land west of the Euphrates, a broad central valley between the Euphrates and the Tigris, and mountains in the northeast.
An advanced civilization existed in this area by 4000 B.C. Sometime after 2000 B.C. , the land became the center of the ancient Babylonian and Assyrian empires. Mesopotamia was conquered by Cyrus the Great of Persia in 538 B.C.and by Alexander in 331 B.C. After an Arab conquest in 637-640, Baghdad became the capital of the ruling caliphate. The country was pillaged by the Mongols in 1258, and during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries was the object of Turkish and Persian competition.
Iraq has a long history. In 4700 BC, there was slavery in the city-state. Established in 2000 BC, Babylon was one of the four ancient civilizations. Since 550 BC, it has been successively invaded and dominated by the Persians, the Arab Empire, and the Ottoman Empire. In 1920, Iraq became a British "Mandate area." In August 1921, Iraq declared independence, and established the Kingdom of Iraq. Iraq achieved full independence in 1952. On July 14, 1958, the Sal dynasty was overthrown, establishing the Republic of Iraq.
The Iraqi flag was adopted on July 31, 1963, but it was slightly modified on Jan. 13, 1991. The takbir [Allah Akbar (God is great) in Arabic script] was added to the 1963 flag during the Gulf War on January 13, 1991. Iraq's flag has had four different designs since the creation of Iraq in 1921. The Iraqi flag is based on the Arab Liberation Flag, introduced by Egyptian army officers involved in the 1952 coup d'etat, which overthrew the Egyptian monarchy. It has since been the inspiration for the flags of several countries in the region. Iraq was mandated as independent from Britain on October 3, 1932.
Flag is composed of red, white, and black, with three green, five-pointed stars in the middle, along with the Arabic words "God is great." The four colors are Pan-Arab colors, representing the Japanese polo Asia, Muhammad, Abbas, and Fatima, four of the Hashemite dynasty. In addition, red and white symbolize grandeur and peace, black is a symbol of jihad and the victory of San oil, and green symbolizes the land. The three stars are symbols of unity, freedom, and socialism.
Three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; the Takbir (Arabic expression meaning "God is great") in green Arabic script is centered in the white band; the band colors derive from the Arab Liberation flag and represent oppression (black), overcome through bloody struggle (red), to be replaced by a bright future (white); the Council of Representatives approved this flag in 2008 as a compromise temporary replacement for the Ba'athist Saddam-era flag. The Flag Company Inc specialized in flag designs offered a special edition of decals and flags to memorize the history of Iraq Flag for the future.
An advanced civilization existed in this area by 4000 B.C. Sometime after 2000 B.C. , the land became the center of the ancient Babylonian and Assyrian empires. Mesopotamia was conquered by Cyrus the Great of Persia in 538 B.C.and by Alexander in 331 B.C. After an Arab conquest in 637-640, Baghdad became the capital of the ruling caliphate. The country was pillaged by the Mongols in 1258, and during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries was the object of Turkish and Persian competition.
Iraq has a long history. In 4700 BC, there was slavery in the city-state. Established in 2000 BC, Babylon was one of the four ancient civilizations. Since 550 BC, it has been successively invaded and dominated by the Persians, the Arab Empire, and the Ottoman Empire. In 1920, Iraq became a British "Mandate area." In August 1921, Iraq declared independence, and established the Kingdom of Iraq. Iraq achieved full independence in 1952. On July 14, 1958, the Sal dynasty was overthrown, establishing the Republic of Iraq.
The Iraqi flag was adopted on July 31, 1963, but it was slightly modified on Jan. 13, 1991. The takbir [Allah Akbar (God is great) in Arabic script] was added to the 1963 flag during the Gulf War on January 13, 1991. Iraq's flag has had four different designs since the creation of Iraq in 1921. The Iraqi flag is based on the Arab Liberation Flag, introduced by Egyptian army officers involved in the 1952 coup d'etat, which overthrew the Egyptian monarchy. It has since been the inspiration for the flags of several countries in the region. Iraq was mandated as independent from Britain on October 3, 1932.
Flag is composed of red, white, and black, with three green, five-pointed stars in the middle, along with the Arabic words "God is great." The four colors are Pan-Arab colors, representing the Japanese polo Asia, Muhammad, Abbas, and Fatima, four of the Hashemite dynasty. In addition, red and white symbolize grandeur and peace, black is a symbol of jihad and the victory of San oil, and green symbolizes the land. The three stars are symbols of unity, freedom, and socialism.
Three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; the Takbir (Arabic expression meaning "God is great") in green Arabic script is centered in the white band; the band colors derive from the Arab Liberation flag and represent oppression (black), overcome through bloody struggle (red), to be replaced by a bright future (white); the Council of Representatives approved this flag in 2008 as a compromise temporary replacement for the Ba'athist Saddam-era flag. The Flag Company Inc specialized in flag designs offered a special edition of decals and flags to memorize the history of Iraq Flag for the future.
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